Excerpt—Tokyo Stranger (from When a Stranger Comes to Town)

Includes the story “Tokyo Stranger” by Tina deBellegarde

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Mystery Writers of America’s story collection When a Stranger Comes to Town, edited by Michael Koryta was just released (April 21, 2021)! Thanks to Hanover Square Press and Tina deBellegarde for giving BOA permission to run the following story from the anthology. It’s been said that all great literature boils down to one of two stories—someone takes a journey, or a stranger comes to town. Enough said. Enjoy!

TOKYO STRANGER

By Tina deBellegarde

Mr. Sasaki gets into his car, his pressed uniform sliding easily on the leather seats. The muted thump of the Mercedes door’s closing signals the start of his shift. He turns the ignition and gently the engine comes to life, quietly, almost imperceptibly, but his practiced senses can feel the hum as it idles. He tunes the radio, searching for the classical music program scheduled to begin at midnight. He pauses to admire his gloved hand on the dial. The gloves, a gift from his wife, his name stitched inside so they would never be lost at the station.

He glides the car into Drive and pulls into the colorful streets of Tokyo. The time on the dashboard shows twelve o’clock just as he arrives at the old apartment building.

She steps out as he pulls up. Tonight she wears a fuchsia dress riding high on her thighs, stiletto heels, and a silk wrap of emerald green thrown over her shoulder against the chilly breeze. She carries a small umbrella.

He presses a button, and the left rear passenger door opens automatically. She slips in and unwraps her shawl in the cozy interior.

“Konbanwa, Sasaki-san.”

“Konbanwa, Yuki-chan.”

Good evening, they greet each other, despite the late hour.

He puts the car in gear, and they start their weekly trip across town.

Friday night is his favorite fare. He peeks in his mirror and watches this young girl, so much like his daughter except for the startling slash of blood red lipstick. He can’t resist watching her fiddle with her mirror and her complicated clothes. He observes quietly as Yuki reapplies her lipstick. He can almost believe it is his daughter. Not only does she wear her hair in the same bob as Haru but the color is exactly the same. With hints of red or purple, magenta maybe. And like his daughter, she chews her lip as she thinks.

What is on her mind? Is she thinking about her upcoming evening or her life outside these midnight trysts? Does she have a family she is working to care for? Sasaki doubts it, she is so young. Or does she just look young? He has never seen her in the light of day, only embellished with the blues and reds of the late-night city lights.

Twenty minutes into his reverie he pulls into a silent street, the large homes on each side hidden by walls. He slows down as he approaches and inches his car close to the gate. From her purse she pulls out a tiny remote. He looks back through his mirror again; she is furiously chewing on the edge of her lip.

He puts the car in gear, but stops when he hears her catch her breath, as if startled. Once again, his eyes find her reflection. A tiny drop of blood emerges from her lip as if her lipstick had come to life. He passes her his linen handkerchief. She takes it from him with a slight bow of her head and dabs at the blood. Once, twice, but the droplet reappears. The third time the blood stops. She passes the handkerchief back. He glances at the blood and lipstick, the linen permanently damaged. He lays it carefully on the seat next to him so as not to stain his gloves.

The gate opens, he pulls in and parks. Sasaki releases her door and it quietly opens to the cool night air, but he tells her to wait, for the rain has already started, earlier than expected. He runs around the car and pushes open a wide golf umbrella. With this protection he escorts her to the door. She lets herself in, offers him a shallow bow in thanks, and closes the door.

He has over two hours until he must return to pick her up. Tanaka pays him for the entire three hours, doesn’t want him picking up any other fares between eleven-thirty and two-thirty. He wants Sasaki at his disposal. For what Tanaka pays him, Sasaki doesn’t mind as long as he is able to keep his mind occupied.

He drives away, dreading the idle time ahead of him. Guilt rushes in to fill the void. Guilt over his wife, over his daughter. And tonight, guilt over delivering this young girl to a yakuza boss or worse. Tanaka has a “business associate” visiting from out of town who specifically requested Yuki. She is Tanaka’s personal favorite. This stranger must be pretty powerful if Tanaka agreed.

Sasaki circles the block looking for a spot. He parks around the corner from the Black Cat Jazz Club and walks the half block in the misty rain.

He enters the smoky haze and sits at his usual corner seat by the bar. The bartender pours him a shot of whiskey on two cubes of ice. Sasaki removes his gloves before lighting up a cigarette and swirling the drink. He prefers his whiskey neat, but on Friday nights he allows himself one shot on some ice. It is his habit to nurse it slowly and allow the ice to melt, a diluted drink is better than none. He needs to have his wits about him to drive.

The cigarette, the drink and the alto sax smooth over his tension and guilt. They are his only remaining vices. Sasaki lights another cigarette and closes his eyes to listen.

When the musician finishes his set, he takes the stool next to him. “Very nicely done.”

The musician motions to the bartender. “Tengo, refill his drink on me.”

Sasaki pauses, thinking how pleasant it would be to sit here for another drink and chat with this musician, but comes to his senses. “Thank you, no. I’m done drinking for tonight.” He turns his wrist. Two fifteen. He empties his glass and puts on his gloves after saying his goodbyes.

Outside, he lights his last cigarette of the evening and smokes it under the black awning.

The rain is heavier now. He pulls up the collar of his uniform jacket and heads for his car.

The gate is closed when he arrives. Usually Yuki opens the gate once he pulls up. He sits in the drive, the car idling, a Mendelssohn violin concerto gently playing on the radio. The rain beating on the window almost drowns out the soft music.

He glances at his watch, two forty-five. He gets out of the car, pulls up his collar once again and looks around.

The rain suddenly lets up. In the silence he hears a tiny crack, like a squirrel walking on the autumn leaves. Then a little cry. Again, louder this time, more like a child. He walks along the path, tracking the sound.

It’s a steady cry. Then a hiccup and another whimper. He stands still to quiet his footsteps.

“Yuki, is that you?”

“Sasaki-san?”

He spots an opening where the gate meets the wall and squeezes himself through.

He follows the noise until he finds her. Yuki is crouched behind the hydrangea bush, barefoot, one shoe in her hand, her fuchsia dress darker in some spots. Her hair clings to her face, the obvious tears lost in the rain.

“Are you hurt?”

She shivers, but doesn’t answer.

When he gets closer, he realizes the spots on her dress are blood.

He looks her over, but decides she is uninjured. He scoops her up, she doesn’t protest.

Tiny as she is, he hardly has to exert any effort at all. He presses the button to open the gate then places her gently in the back of the taxi. The car is still idling and the warmth engulfs them both.

“You have to tell me what happened.”

“I…I wouldn’t let him…I couldn’t let him.” But Yuki gives him nothing more.

“I will be right back.”

As he turns to close the door, she puts a hand on his arm. “Please don’t leave me.”

He is torn. He looks at her, so small in the car. Wet and still shivering. It reminds him of the times he took his daughter to the ocean. She would erupt from the water with her hair hugging her chin. Shivering, her arms crossed until he wrapped her in a towel.

He gently pries Yuki’s hand from his jacket.

“I promise. I will be right back.”

She shakes her head and grabs his arm. “I promise.”

She closes her eyes and lets go.

He finds the front door ajar. He stops to listen. There is only silence. He looks toward the stairway and sees a streak of blood along the bannister. At the top he stops again. Complete stillness. The door at the end of the hall is the only one open. He approaches it slowly.

In the bedroom, he finds the stranger face down on the bed on blood-soaked sheets. Yuki’s green shawl sprawled along the foot of the bed is like a winding mossy trail leading to her purse, the contents spilled on the bed. Her missing shoe, along with a knife covered in blood, are on the floor beside a pair of men’s slippers.

Sasaki turns to run. But in the hallway he stops.

He returns to the bedroom. He removes his gloves, then retrieves the shawl and the shoe. He grabs Yuki’s lipstick and keys along with the rest of her belongings and shoves them back in the purse.

He grabs a towel from the bathroom and wipes down every surface, the headboard, the doorknob, the side table, anything Yuki might have touched. Then he gingerly picks up the knife and wraps it in the towel.

Down the boulevard, his temples pound as he forces himself to drive within the speed limit back to Yuki’s house.

He rummages around in her purse until he finds the key, then picks her up and carries her into the building.

He tries to avert his eyes while he strips off her clothes and leans her in the shower. He searches for the warmest clothes in her closet and helps her dress. He dumps out the contents of a shopping bag and fills it with more clothes and toiletries. He finds ten thousand yen on her dresser and adds it to the rest.

Back in the car, he puts the bag on her lap and closes the door.

“Sasaki-san, where are you taking me?” she asks, but doesn’t wait for the answer. She leans her head on the door jamb and falls asleep.

Forty-five minutes north of the city, he pulls up to a deserted train station and buys a ticket at the kiosk. The sun is just peeking up over the tracks. The train is due in twelve minutes. He waits ten minutes, then goes to get her.

“Take this.” He hands her all his money. Combined with her own money, enough to last a while if she is careful. “I bought you a ticket to Aomori. Do not come back here. Ever. Do you understand?”

The rumble of the train drowns out his last few words.

She nods and steps into the open door. The doors close behind her. She leans her head on the glass and the last he sees of Yuki is her dazed eyes staring out over the platform as the train pulls away.

Sasaki drives his car onto the bridge behind the train station. He grabs the package in the trunk and scrambles down the embankment to the riverbed. He finds the largest stone he can handle, adds it to the towel and ties a sturdy knot. Then throws it into the river. He watches it sink before he leaves.

Sasaki enters his apartment. Dog tired. More tired than he has ever been in his life. He walks to the far corner, taps the bell and tilts his head in prayer, then looks up at the picture of his wife and daughter on the altar. How many years has it been?

He closes his eyes again. Nineteen years, and he has finally redeemed himself. Nineteen years since they took that fatal drive, when he wasn’t there to protect them. Nineteen years of aging alone. All that remains is his job. Driving to numb the pain.

He strips, one piece of clothing at a time. Slowly, deliberately. First his hat. He places it carefully on the dresser. Then he removes his jacket and slides it onto the hanger, buttoning the first and last buttons. His pants, he picks up by the crease and clips to the wooden hanger. He does not rush. With the same reverence as every other day, he hangs his uniform in its proper place.

After he showers, he sits on the bed. Usually he sleeps for eight hours before getting up to start his day shift.

Today he would have to settle for less sleep, but he needs to be refreshed when they come for him. He must be sure he isn’t too tired, that he will be clear-headed. He needs to be completely convincing, so the search will stop at him.

He gently swings his legs up on the bed and rests his head on the pillow, contemplating the ceiling. If he sleeps until noon, he could get enough rest before they come for him. It would take them about that long to find the gloves. It would take them about that long to track him down at work and then show up at his door.

He closes his eyes.

 

“Tokyo Stranger” by Tina deBellegarde excerpted from When a Stranger Comes to Town, edited by Michael Koryta, Copyright © 2021 by Tina deBellegarde. Published by Hanover Square Press.

Tina deBellegarde’s debut novel, Winter Witness, is nominated for the 2020 Agatha Award for Best First Novel. Her story “Tokyo Stranger” appears alongside celebrated authors in the Mystery Writers of America anthology When a Stranger Comes to Town. Tina lives in New York with her husband Denis where they harvest shiitake mushrooms and tend to their beehives. She travels to Japan regularly to visit her son Alessandro. Visit her website.

Read her review of Sayaka Murata’s Earthlings.

Review—Multispecies Cities: Solarpunk Urban Futures (Speculative Fiction)

book cover
book cover

Twenty-four stories in a collection of climate fiction that seek to imagine what cities might look like in a future of multi-species co-existence and green justice.

Support BOA by ordering Multispecies Cities: Solarpunk Urban Futures through these links:

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Review by Leanne Ogasawara

Set primarily in the Asia-Pacific, the twenty-four stories of this new collection of climate fiction seek to imagine what cities might look like in a future of multi-species co-existence and green justice. Firmly planted in the new genre of solarpunk, the stories are filled with a polyphony of voices—some non-human and a few non-alive—working together to bring about solutions that address global warming, the extinction of animal species, and coming climate disaster.

Gone is the bleak, trashed landscape devoid of animal life so characteristic of much science fiction, and cyberpunk in particular; instead we find ourselves in cities that are alive, shared by humans and animals, insects and plants, land forms and machines. And the authors ask: What might city ecosystems look like in the future if we strive for multispecies justice in our urban settings?

In these “more-than-human stories,” twenty-four authors, mainly of Asian-Pacific descent, investigate humanity’s relationship with the rest of the natural world, placing characters in situations where humans have to look beyond their own needs and interests. In such an interconnected world, we find: dolphins and humans learning each other’s languages in a story by Shweta Taneja; a multiplicity of voices, including stars and rivers, in stories by Priya Sarukkai Chabria and Eliza Victoria; or where a bad date in Hawai‘i takes an unexpected turn in a story by N. R. M. Roshak, the couple stumbles upon some confused sea turtle hatchlings and take the time to figure out how to help.

In one of the more memorable stories, “The Mammoth Steps” by Andrew Dana Hudson, we find an unlikely friendship between a boy and an extinct animal. The boy’s family is paid by carbon traders to roam the Siberian grasslands with the woolly mammoths. The animals were brought back using de-extinction gene splicing technology in an effort to save the world. This is not just fiction: talk of doing this has been floating around among scientists to address real concerns over the thawing of arctic permafrost, which would cause greenhouse gas emissions to skyrocket and raise global temperatures even further than currently projected. In this scenario the mammoths are brought back from extinction to trample down the mosses and shrubs and uproot trees, thereby bringing down temperatures. The story is not about the human triumph over a human-created problem, but is rather a tale of inter-species love and cooperation that follows the pair on a trek across Asia in search of elephants.

Interestingly, this is not necessarily a vegan world, since “multispecies justice” does not suggest straightforward notions of care, guardianship, and living and letting live, but rather acting both responsively and responsibly in both life and death. In one of the more disturbing stories, “A Life with Cibi,” by Japanese author Natsumi Tanaka, we are confronted with the breakdown of our notions about bodily autonomy and food: As creatures walking around our cities talk to us, we carve off our flesh to eat. But this is not the call to vegetarianism as one might expect. When the narrator of the story becomes emotionally close to one of the Cibi, refusing to eat it anymore, the creature dies since that kind of culling is what kept it healthy. This story, like many of the others in the collection, challenges our notions of what some eco-philosophers call our hyper-separation.

It not surprising to see an anthology that is, by intention, set primarily in the future cities of the Asia-Pacific. Many of the world’s megacities are situated in Asia and it is this region where the early symptoms of change were first noticed. Japanese manga and anime has been at the forefront of the solarpunk movement, but so too has the new architecture found in Singapore and elsewhere around Asia. Examples of the aesthetic include, Gardens by the Bay in Singapore, the Golden Bridge in Vietnam, and green tower skyscrapers and cafes in Chengdu and Shanghai.

Readers not familiar with solarpunk will benefit from reading the engaging introduction (written by Christoph Rupprecht, Deborah Cleland, Norie Tamura, and Rajat Chaudhuri) that gives context to the stories. Of course, some of the stories were first published elsewhere, but the introduction enriches the reading by laying out how specific stories were chosen for this anthology. It is also a dazzling eye-opening call for the reform of literature, perhaps reminiscent of Amitab Ghosh’s 2016 book, The Great Derangement: Climate Change and the Unthinkable, in which he calls for authors to try to imagine a future of climate change. Since Ghosh’s book, we have, in fact, seen many works of fiction that do just as he demanded: Imagine our world—right now—of climate change.

What is so interesting about Multispecies Cities: Solarpunk Urban Futures is the call for changes not just in terms of content, but about form, questioning progress-based narratives, stories of the individual, the lone hero, people against people, and others. Yes, this means no more standard character-arcs or the dreaded character-based story. At first, readers might feel disoriented at these stories of cooperation, where rivers speak and stars can be heard. You might even want to re-read some of them to assess what is going on when there is no winning or losing, overcoming or failure. In “The Exuberant Vitality of Hatchling Habitats” by D.A. Xiaolin Spires, we follow along as a quirky eco-businessman sees broader applications for a high school science fair project. Readers might be expecting him to steal the kids’ project for his own gain or some intrigue regarding the friends, but none of this happens. Science is gentle and there is a multiplicity of voices. These stories of solutions look toward a green future of healthy ecosystems and cities teeming with life.

 

Review—Lonely Planet Best Day Hikes Japan

The long-awaited third installment in the series, entitled Best Day Walks Japan (US edition: Best Day Hikes Japan) has been published.

Support BOA by ordering Lonely Planet Best Day Hikes Japan through these links:

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Review by Wes Lang

My time in Japan coincides directly with the history of Lonely Planet’s Hiking in Japan guidebook. I arrived on these shores in March of 2001, just one month after the release of the first edition of the guide. I soon picked up a copy of the teal and black cover and immediately set out to climb as many of the mountains as I could. My focus soon shifted upon turning to page 21 and finding a side bar about the Hyakumeizan, and I set my sights on climbing all of the hundred mountains on Fukada Kyūya’s seminal list. Using the guide as a reference, I worked my way through the mountains until reaching my goal in late 2008, just as the authors were doing research for the second edition of the book. I picked up a copy of this new version after its release in 2009 and published a closer look on my blog, Hiking in Japan, which details the changes between the two editions along with my thoughts on the update. Both editions eventually went out of print, leaving a void in the market for a comprehensive in-print guide to Japan’s mountains. Fast forward to 2021, and the long-awaited third installment in the series, entitled Best Day Walks Japan (US edition: Best Day Hikes Japan). Here’s a closer look:

The positives: First of all, the latest guide is visually pleasing, with 130 full-color photographs laid out through 210 pages of content. This certainly marks a big departure from the previous two books, which were done in 2-color offset with a full-color photo insert. The Japan book is among the first in a new series called ‘Lonely Planet Best Day Walks,’ which is an interesting concept in this need for social distancing during the pandemic. Casual browsers in bookshops can simply open the book and immediately get an idea of the natural beauty of Japan. The designers have done an excellent job of presenting the materials in an easy-to-follow layout organized by region, and users will be able to flip through and find a hike that suits their travel needs.

Speaking of hikes, the new guide features what are simply billed as “60 walks with maps”, ranging in difficulty from flat strolls through Oze National Park to strenuous ascents of proper mountains such as Miyanoura-dake on the island of Yakushima. Regional content allocation is fairly balanced, with each region covering between 5 and 10 unique hikes, which gives readers enough variety to satisfy their outdoor thirst and match their travel itinerary. The first two Hiking in Japan guidebooks feature 71 and 69 hikes respectively, in double the page content of the latest Best Walks Japan.

Curating a guidebook is no easy task. Lead author Craig Mclachlan has struck a good balance bringing not only some of the best hikes from his previous two Hiking in Japan guides, but also a few new hikes that have not yet appeared in print, such as Sanbe-san in Shimane and Tanesashi Kaigan in Aomori. Also worthy of praise is the addition of experienced writer Rebecca Milner to the team – this  long-overdue female prospective is a welcome change from the all-male leadership of the previous two books.

Furthermore, the full-color English maps for each hike provide enough detail for hikers to follow, while the hike descriptions themselves  feature the kanji readings and symbols for each waypoint along the walk, which will help walkers to decipher the Japanese language signposts proliferating the mountain trails nationwide. The information is practical, and in many cases the URLs are included next to the items mentioned in-text such as transport companies and mountain huts.

Most of the hikes feature a ‘Take a Break’ sidebar with personal recommendations for places to eat and rest near each hike, including nearby hot spring baths. Each regional overview also includes a sidebar of practical resources for planning, featuring mostly government tourism websites and official promotional literature.

Room for improvement: While the book looks great upon first glance, there are a few things that could clearly make this book even better. The first issue is cosmetic. Ninety percent of the photos are stock images, which is a huge departure from the Lonely Planet of bygone days with their 100% author-sourced photographs. Stock images do look nice, but they lack any kind of personal touch and perspective that the authors can give, especially since they are the ones who were on the trails doing the research. Among the 130 photographs, I have counted around 10 that are credited to the authors themselves. The notable exception is Ray’s photo of the higuma bear in Hokkaidō, which is a thing of beauty.

Two of the stock images chosen actually don’t refer to places on the actual hike: the stock photo for the Rokku Gaaden in Kobe is of the Suma Alps, which is further west in the Rokkō range but nowhere near the hike, and the stock image of the Kujū hike is actually Amagaike marsh looking towards Mt Hiji, which again is in the Kujū range but not on the actual trail described in the book. These kinds of issues are happening more and more in publications that rely too much on stock images, especially if the contributing stock photographer does not caption or tag their photos properly.

Another issue with the guide is inconsistency between sections. A good editor should be able to take a guidebook written by three authors and make each section seem indistinguishable from the other in terms of detail and flow. However, with this guidebook some of the walk descriptions feel rushed and lack the appropriate amount of detail, while others are very well-written and presented. These descriptions can mean the difference between an amazing hike and one bordering on disaster. For example, the Ōtake-san hike in the Tokyo section is excellent: it gives you all the practical information you need (how to get to the hike, how long it will take to get there, cost of train fare) and the trail description includes estimated hiking times between each waypoint in the hike. Every hike in this guide should include exactly the same amount of detail. I think the problem is with word limitations – they simply reached their word count limits and ran out of space. One possible way to free up space is to axe the four-page Shikoku Pilgrimage, which is definitely not a ‘day hike’ and instead do a shorter text box description of the 1400-km route. That would free up more space to add more details to other hikes that lack transport information such as Norikura-dake.

Thirdly, some of the information in the latest guide is simply out of date, which is quite a shame considering the publication of the book has been delayed by a year from its original slated publication date of spring 2020. For instance, at the time of writing the Aso-san volcano in Kyūshū was off limits to hikers, but the mountain reopened in September 2020, which should have given the authors plenty of time to update the trail description to reflect the most current conditions. As it stands, the information about the Sensui-kyo Ropeway is simply incorrect, considering the ropeway ceased operations in 2010 and is now in a state of complete ruin. Perhaps this guidebook was printed in early 2020 and has simply been sitting in a warehouse collecting dust all this time?

Next, each hike lacks a ‘when to go’ box. Information about the best season to visit is handled in the introduction to each region, but these particulars should be clearly presented within the individual hike overviews themselves. The authors tout Fushimi Inari as one of “most impressive and memorable sights in all Japan”, but perhaps they should warn people about the immense number of tourists that jostle elbows with others to get a selfie for their Instagram feed, and instead recommend a pre-dawn or early dusk ascent.

One final item is with the difficulty rating system, which ranges from ‘easy’ to ‘hard’. These ratings are explained on the insider cover page of the book, but they really should include vertical elevation gain and distance recommendations. The book lacks vertical elevation loss and gain, so it’s difficult for experienced hikers to evaluate a hike without this valuable data. Any hike that includes an elevation gain of 1000 meters is going to be a hard hike for anyone who is not fit. In addition, any hike over 20 kilometers in length is going to be tough on the feet. The Sandan-kyō hike in Hiroshima Prefecture is listed as ‘easy’, yet the total round-trip distance is 32 kilometers – that’s three-quarters of a marathon!

The verdict: This guidebook will definitely appeal to first-time visitors to Japan, especially those interested in the variety of beautiful walks and hikes that Japan has on offer. Repeat tourists may also find the information invaluable for making informed choices about where to go and what to climb. However, be warned that some of the walks include only ‘bare bones’ information, requiring readers to do their own research about bus and train timetables. Or they can simply enlist the assistance of a travel consultant to supply the logistics.

Long-time residents who are not fluent in Japanese will also find a great deal of valuable content in the latest guidebook. However, anyone who is fluent in the language could easily find better Japanese-language sources for hikes in their region.

That being said, I will definitely pick up a copy of Best Walks Japan to add to my collection. My philosophy has always been: the more published content about Japan’s mountains the better, and while the latest guide is far from perfect, it is a step in the right direction and, with a few improvements, could easily be a go-to resource for both tourists and residents alike.

About the reviewer:
Wes Lang is co-author of Hiking the Japan Alps & Mt. Fuji (Cicerone Press, 2020). This review originally appeared on his blog, Hiking in Japan.

Review—Earthlings: A Novel

Opens as a coming-of-age story, evolves into psychological suspense, and settles into dark fantasy and horror.

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Grove Press (October 8, 2020)

Review by Tina deBellegarde

Earthlings by Sayaka Murata (transl. Ginny Tapley Takemori) is a unique literary experience, one that is impossible to pigeonhole into any specific genre. It opens as a coming-of-age story, evolves into psychological suspense, and settles into dark fantasy and horror.

As she did in Convenience Store Woman, Murata questions the meaning of normal and undermines our understanding of happiness, but Earthlings takes the subject matter to a much bleaker place. Do not let the cover, or your experience reading Convenience Store Woman, fool you. This book is not for everyone. It is not warm and fuzzy like the plush toy on the cover. It starts out as thought provoking, but ramps up at full throttle as a hard-to-read horror story that exposes dysfunction in the form of toxic families, sexual abuse, pedophilia, and violence.

Natsuki is a nine-year-old misfit whose plush toy bestows upon her the magical powers she uses to cope with her cruel mother as well as the sexual abuse of her teacher. She lapses into dissociative behavior to handle the most traumatic events she encounters.

She is closest to her cousin Yuu, who suffers under his mother’s mental illness and believes himself to be an alien. He is awaiting the return of his spaceship to take him back to his true home. Natsuki hopes to join him. Yuu and Natsuki develop a special bond as a result of their common plight and decide they will “survive, no matter what.” It’s the “no matter what” that drives the rest of the book.

Twenty years later, Natsuki has arranged for a mock marriage to fool friends and family. Tomoya is merely a roommate with a marriage certificate. Natsuki, Tomoya and Yuu will do anything to avoid being caught up in the expectations of society, or the Factory, as they call it. The trio refuses to assimilate. Normal tools of the Factory are expected to enter the traditional workforce in order to earn enough money to afford marriage and babies. All three are repulsed by society’s insistence on breeding. None of them is willing to conform, but more than that, none of them is able to conform. They have been so traumatized by their experiences that they are unable to have what society perceives as normal relationships and desires. They have found ways to be happy outside what is considered the norm, but with no acceptance from family, friends or society at large, they must hide their real lives and pretend to comply.

This is not the first, nor the last story where individuals need to hide their otherness, but in this case their non-conformity spirals out of control. Murata makes sure we understand the consequences of forcing individuals to conform to social constructs. All the characters in this story do whatever they believe they need to do to overcome the obstacles thrown at them, at times with shocking effect.

There is no point in sharing any more of the plot. This story can only be experienced properly once. My advice would be to avoid spoilers elsewhere and read Earthlings if you think you are up to a thought provoking story that is unique, unpredictable and sometimes disturbing. (Also consider that critical praise for Earthlings is consistently high, while general reader feedback is much more mixed.)

Earthlings is difficult to recommend, but impossible not to. There are several remarkable things to note about this book. First, Earthlings is continuously unpredictable. As each layer unravels, and the reader presumes to anticipate its direction, it takes a wild turn. Many books are described as twisty, but this is one of the rare times that the twists were indeed unexpected.

Second, the lack of morality will keep you off balance. The concepts of good and bad are completely thrown out. There is no one to root for here. The conformists are clearly not good, but the non-conformists aren’t either.

Most of all, it will leave a lasting impression. You will not quickly forget this book and that is a rare feat indeed. I can’t say for certain that I enjoyed Earthlings, but it is compulsively readable and unique.

Podcasts

BOA Podcast 9: Janine Beichman on translating Japanese Haiku and Tanka

In this episode of The Books on Asia Podcast host Amy Chavez talks with author and translator Janine Beichman, whose translations include two books of poems compiled by Makoto Ōoka: Sleepless Tossing of the Planets: Selected Poems (Kurodohan, 2019) and Ori Ori no Uta: Poems for All Seasons (Tankoban, 2001). She has also penned two biographies: Masaoka Shiki: His Life and Works (Cheng & Tsui Co 2002) and Embracing the Firebird: Yosano Akiko and the Rebirth of the Female Voice in Modern Japanese Poetry (Univ. Hawaii Press, 2002). Just last week, she released a new translation called Well-Versed: Exploring Modern Japanese Haiku by Ozawa Minoru (Japan Library/JPIC).

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Review—Klara and the Sun, by Kazuo Ishiguro

book cover
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Kazuo’s trademark estrangement paradoxically brings his characters closer to us.

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A Tale of Two Ishiguros

Review by Cody Poulton

Once upon a time there were two men who shared the same surname and an interest in robots. One of them, Kazuo, left Japan and became a little Englishman, but he always felt like an outsider, which is a good thing for a writer, which is what he became. He impersonated Japanese people in his first two novels but really didn’t find his voice until he became the English butler “Stevens” in his very popular novel The Remains of the Day (1989), for which he won the Booker Prize. That was made into a movie, as was Never Let Me Go (2005). He was awarded an even bigger prize, the Nobel, in 2017, and even knighted by the Queen.

His latest novel, Klara and the Sun, is about an android, though in the novel she’s called an AF, short for Artificial Friend. Klara tells the reader how she becomes companion to a sick young girl called Josie (who is just a typo away from becoming josei, “female” in Japanese). Many other children have AFs in the novel, that is if they can afford them. Some children are “lifted,” which gives them a head start on life. Rick, Josie’s friend, is gifted, but the better schools only take the lifted ones. (There is a common theme about genetic mutations in a play called “The Sun,” by Maekawa Tomihiro, which had a staged reading at RADA in London, in 2016).

The other Ishiguro, Hiroshi, stayed in Japan and became a famous engineer, making android twins of real people, which he calls Geminoids. Hiroshi is a little like Mr. Capaldi in Kazuo’s novel, who is an echo (or do we call it a kind of copy? Imitation is the name of this game) of Coppelius/Coppola in The Sandman, E.T.A Hoffmann’s 1816 weird tale about an automaton. Hiroshi first made a copy of his daughter, which was so creepy that when the girl met her Geminoid she said she didn’t want to go to daddy’s school any more. (Hiroshi likes telling that story). Then he made a copy of himself, but found he had to undergo cosmetic surgery so he could stay as young as his Geminoid, who never gets old. Asked why he made these Geminoids he explained that the best way to understand what a human is was to build one. His Geminoid F (F stands for female) starred in “Sayonara,” a play written by Oriza Hirata, his colleague at Osaka University. This play was about an android companion given by a father to his sick daughter, played by American actress Bryerly Long. It was later developed into a movie by Fukada Kōji about a Japan that had become uninhabitable after a nuclear accident like the one in Fukushima. Geminoid F was nominated for best actress in the Japan Academy Awards for 2015 but didn’t win.

Robots are already a crowded literary genre. On the first page of Ian McEwan’s 2018 novel Machines Like Us (a novel Kazuo studiously avoided reading when writing Klara) his protagonist remarks that, “artificial humans were a cliché long before they arrived.” Mary Shelley, who invented science fiction, was also the first to write a narrative in the voice of someone who is not human, a character she calls the Creature, in Frankenstein (1818). Karel Čapek’s play “RUR” (Rossum’s Universal Robots), first staged in Prague in 1921, coined the word “robot.” It used the idea of the automaton to explore twentieth-century fears about the effects of mass production. When it was staged in Tokyo just three years later, it was translated as Jinzō Ningen (artificial humans). A Japanese film adaptation of “RUR” is being released this month. Čapek’s play kicked off a century-long fascination with robots in Japan. Usually, like Astro Boy and Pepper, they are friendly, as Fred Schodt and others have pointed out. Even Major Kusanagi in Masamune Shirow’s Ghost in the Shell (manga version, 1989-90; anime version by Ōtomo Katsuhiro in 1995) is a sympathetic cyborg. Hiroshi’s quest for human verisimilitude, however, plunges his bots straight into what roboticist Mori Masahiro called the Uncanny Valley. The closer they seem like us, the more repellent they are.

In contrast, Kazuo’s trademark estrangement paradoxically brings his characters closer to us. The author has a way of using the most ordinary language to make the world seem very strange indeed. Klara calls parties “interaction meetings,” for example, and every once in a while the world through her eyes becomes pixilated, devolving into cubes and cones. Yet Klara’s keen power of observation (she looks, she learns) is the very source of her uncanny sense of empathy for the human beings she comes in contact with. She would do anything for Josie, but like so many Kazuo characters, she seems to miss the bigger picture until the story pretty much swallows her whole. As is usual in Kazuo’s novels, the truth is hiding in plain sight. Klara is very smart but she’s also quite naive. She thinks the Sun (which she always capitalizes, like God) is a sentient being that cares for her. (Klara is, after all, solar powered, so she’s not totally wrong). So strong is her faith in the Sun that it brings about a kind of deus ex machina that takes the course of the story in an unexpected, salvific direction, which some readers may feel is a cop-out.

Will humans be replaced? Rendered obsolete? This is the perennial, and now rather tiresome theme of the robot genre, especially for Hollywood. Kazuo takes a rather different tack, by using the Artificial Friend as a means to explore the mysteries of human intimacy. (So, essentially, does McEwan). At one point Paul, Josie’s father, asks Klara if she believes in the human heart, to which Klara replies she certainly believes that it is complex, but it must be limited and therefore can be understood, even imitated. Paul, an engineer, remains skeptical. For him, the heart is like Artificial Intelligence’s black box, something we really cannot look inside to figure out how it arrives at the computations it makes. Like Hiroshi, Kazuo also asks what it means to be human, but in order to go somewhere toward answering this big question he tackles other hard, ethical questions about love, loneliness, mortality, the fear of losing control—of being, as this novel calls it, “substituted.” Hiroshi should read Kazuo. So should you. You might say Kazuo has beaten Hiroshi at his own game.

Review—Tokyo Junkie: 60 Years of Bright Lights and Back Alleys…and Baseball

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A memoir and book about the dramatic growth of the megacity Tokyo

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Review by Mark Schumacher

Since the 1977 release of his first book The Chrysanthemum and the Bat, author Robert Whiting has remained the “go to” guy for entertaining and educating and enlightening books about Japan. His many English books and articles, once translated into Japanese, have hit the bestseller lists in Japan. Whiting resonates on both sides of the Pacific.

This book is Whiting’s memoir of his adventures (often riotous) as a longtime Japan resident. It is a definitive, detailed, and authoritative book: an “ensemble of curiosities with enough facts to fill two books.” That quote, by the way, is from the N.Y. Times book review of Chrysanthemum and the Bat. It still accurately describes Whiting’s style of writing.

Tokyo Junkie‘s 60-year trajectory carefully and entertainingly details the rebuilding of Tokyo (and Japan) from a destroyed postwar backwater reeking of urine, into a global economic powerhouse reeking of graft, bribery and scandal. It references slogans, cartoons, poems, propaganda films, secret reports, sports columns, and a wealth of other documents of the time. It is also a roller-coaster ride into the underbelly of Japan and into the underworld of Whiting’s own life in Tokyo during those decades.

Drunkenness and debauchery and chicanery play a big part in Whiting’s riveting narrative, but the book’s larger message of “renewal” (both Japan’s & Whiting’s) and the “goodness” of Japan’s common people, is crafted with great skill. His wife Machiko plays a big part in Whiting’s “recovery.”

Writes Whiting: “My story is part Alice in Wonderland, part Bright Lights, Big City, and part Forrest Gump, among other things. It is a coming-of-age tale as well as an account of a decades-long journey into the heart of a city undergoing one of the most remarkable and sustained metamorphoses ever seen. It is also something of a love story, with all the irrational sentimentality that term entails. Tokyo and I have had our differences, our ups and downs—I once left for what I thought was good, so tired of being a gaijin (foreigner) that I thought I would die if I stayed any longer—but as our relationship reaches the end and I look back, I must say that all in all it was the right place to spend all these years. It is not too much to say that I am what I am today because of the city of Tokyo. It was here that I learned the art of living, discovered the importance of perseverance, grew to appreciate the value of harmonious relations as much as individual rights, and came to rethink what it means to be an American as well as a member of the larger human race.”

Later in the book, Whiting describes his own metamorphoses: “I had developed bizarre social skills, to use the term loosely. I knew how to talk to my fellow Tokyoites but found I was becoming less conversant with Americans. I peppered my speech with Japanese words used all the time in daily conversation—sugoi, shoganai, maitta (wow, can’t be helped, I give up)—without realizing what I was doing. Moreover, I had unconsciously adopted Japanese mannerisms: bowing when talking on the phone, sucking wind as Japanese do when trying to think of something to say, pouring beer for dinner partners.”

Whiting and I have been friends since the mid-1990s, when we both lived in Kamakura. He was perpetually stuck inside a Japanese newspaper or magazine, researching his latest book. When I visited to fix or backup his Microsoft computer (I was his PC tech), I asked him how long it took him to write a book. He said: “About five years.”

Like Japanese baseball, Whiting’s approach to writing is a lot of hard training and practice and research, over and over and over. He had a routine of reading the Japanese newspapers and magazines and journals, with a toothpick in his mouth, which replaced the thousands of cigarettes he had smoked and beers he had drunk in earlier times. He had come down to earth. He had become one of us again, a famous man without pretension. I like him for that.

This book is Whiting’s love letter to Japan, to Tokyo, to the overall kindness of Japanese people and Japan’s endearing culture, which allowed him to arrive as a hated foreign conqueror and later to return as a friend. Writes Whiting: “I first came to the city over five decades ago in 1962 as a raw nineteen-year-old GI from small-town America. I spent over three years working for the CIA and the NSA, secretly spying on the communist regimes in Russia and China.”

In his book’s conclusion, he writes: “The product of the city’s continuing renewals and rebirths has redefined what it means to be Japanese. Along the way it redefined me as well.”

Tokyo Junkie is a likeable, breezy, well-written memoir, packed intensely with detail and eye-opening information about Japan, about the foibles of its author, and about bitter WWII enemies becoming steadfast friends in the following decades.

About the Reviewer:

Mark Schumacher is a longtime Japan resident based in Kamakura. He is an independent scholar of Japanese Buddhist statuary, and author of the popular A-to-Z Photo Dictionary of Japan’s Buddhist & Shinto Deities (online since 1995).

About the Author:

Robert Whiting’s best-selling books include The Chrysanthemum and the Bat, You Gotta Have Wa, The Samurai Way of Baseball: The Impact of Ichiro and the New Wave from Japan, as well as Tokyo Underworld: The Fast Times and Hard life of an American Gangster in Japan. Whiting is one of only a few Western writers to have a regular newspaper column in Japanese. Listen to our podcast interview with Whiting.

Excerpt—Cherry Blossom poems from “Well-Versed: Exploring Modern Japanese Haiku”

bookWith the cherry blossoms in mankai (full bloom) now in Japan, we take some time to contemplate their beauty through poetry.

The following are two excerpts from the just released Well-Versed: Exploring Modern Japanese Haiku (Japan Library/JPIC March 23, 2021) with commentary by Japanese haiku poet and critic Osawa Minoru (translated by Janine Beichman). The book walks the reader through Japan’s seasons presenting poetry for each time of the year and the significance of its poetic images. Reading poem translations with commentary is a great way to start to understand the nuances of Japanese poetry.

We hope you enjoy these cherry blossom haiku!

To quiet the heart of

the mountain god

the cherry blossoms opened

by Takada Chōi

Commentary: These cherry trees are flowering deep among the mountains, not down at the foot where people live. Humans almost never see them, but when the deity who presides over the mountain gazes on them, they do his heart good.

At one time the flowering of the mountian cherry blossoms was the time of an advance celebrations of a good rice harvest. This was based on the traditional poetic comparison of the cherry blossoms to snow. When snow lay deep in the mountains, the farmers could be sure of an abundant supply of snow meltwater in the coming months, which was necessary for the young rice plants to grow. The blossoms, because of their visual resemblance to snow, thus became prophets. With its slightly formal ceremonial quality, this poem reminds us of the old belief.

Chōi made a deep study of the history of the Shinto prayers called norito, and at one time served as the head priest of Minatogawa Shrine in Kobe.

Yamazumi o / suzushimu sakura / sakinikeri

Mountain god / quiet the heart cherry trees / bloomed

Flying through the sky

in a cluster—

a flurry of cherry blossoms

by Takano Sujū

Commentary: This poem unfolds almost like a riddle. What might follow, after the clustered mass that flies through the sky of the first two lines? Personally, I would be at a loss to reply. It cannot be birds—they can fly close together, but not close enough to appear as a solid clump. What about butterflies? If they were clustered in such a tight mass they would be unable to move.

Reading on, the unexpected answer comes: this is a dense mass of cherry blossom petals blown by a strong wind across the sky. Such flurries of petals are usually though of as light swirls lifted on a gust, but here they seem to be a single mass flying across the sky, as if they had a will of their own, making a strange spectacle. Seen through the swirling petals all around him, this flying cluster seems almost like the spirit of the blossoms in concentrated form.

This poem was composed at Yoshino, famous for its cherry blossom trees.

Sora o yuku / hito katamari no / hanafubuki

Sky moving through / a cluster of / flower flurry

 

Read a review of Janine Beichman’s translation of Beneath the Sleepless Tossing of the Planets, poems by Makoto Ōoka here.

 

First Book—Jon Tanimura & The World-Traveling Udon Maker

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The true story of a world nomad who cooked Japanese Udon noodles for 5,000 people in 24 countries    

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“First Book” is a new column where we ask first-time authors what inspired them to write their debut book/novel/translation.

Books on Asia: What’s your book’s “elevator pitch?”

Jon Tanimura: It’s an autobiography of a Japanese man who cooked Japanese Udon noodles for 5,000 people in 24 countries while traveling around the world as a nomad chef. It focuses on my struggles about “how to live my life” as Jon Tanimura, and how these struggles led me to become a “World-Traveling Udon Maker.” I take the reader to various scenes that I encountered while traveling around the world as a chef.

BOA: Is there really such a thing as Udon School?!

Jon: Yes! The one I attended was in Kagawa prefecture in Shikoku and it took me a good three months to finish the course. There are also other udon schools in Kagawa, a prefecture that is so famous it is known as the “Udon prefecture.” During the course, students learn how to make hand and machine-made udon using various types of wheat flour brands, soups, and side dishes like tempura. They even teach you how to run an udon restaurant or business.

BOA: In which language did you first publish your book?

Jon: I published my book in Japanese first and then I translated it into English.

BOA: What made you want to write a book? And why translate it into English?

Jon Tanimura
Author Jon Tanimura

Jon: The first thought in my head was that I wanted to share my whole experience with those who I’ve met on my udon journey. Even though we’d shared time talking about ourselves while eating my udon, there wasn’t enough time to tell what exactly I’ve gone through to become a “World-Traveling Udon Maker” and what I’ve been thinking about while traveling around the world. If I could share the whole experience, I thought, I could inspire others or connect with them in a different way rather than through just a partial experience.

The second thought was that I wanted to share the life of a “World-Traveling Udon Maker” with those who don’t know anything about me. Reading my book might make people feel like they want to try my udon and it could create an opportunity to meet each other and expand each other’s worlds. Even without being able to physically meet readers, I hope the book can have a positive impact on their lives in some way.

The people I’ve met on the road were from various countries and obviously I wanted the book to be reachable to more people, so I translated it into English.

BOA: What do you want readers to get out of reading your book?

Jon: I hope that by reading my book readers may become a bit more brave in taking a step forward in their lives. They’ll learn that there is a person like me who has been struggling with my identity and life (and I still am) but was somehow guided to a path that at least decorated my late 20’s with happiness and excitement.

BOA: What other people inspired you to do what you are doing?

Jon: I thought of the idea of becoming a “World-Traveling Udon Maker” when I saw on TV Mr. Atsushi Kogure, a Japanese chef who was invited to kitchens of various households around the world. But, I have always been inspired by Gandhi, the Dalai Lama, and Michael Jackson while wondering “How can I impact society through udon?”

Jon Tanimura’s Udon

BOA: What did your parents think about your idea of traveling the globe?

Jon: They were happy that I was doing what I wanted to do, but at the same time, they were worried about my future. Haha.

BOA: Have you made udon in the U.S.?

Jon: No, unfortunately. I hope I can soon!

BOA: In your book you tell a lot of stories, talk about the mistakes you made and what you learned from them, and you even give some excellent advice on how to live a good life. The book is very inspiring. What is the number one thing you learned from traveling to 24 countries teaching people about udon?

Jon: learned that there are many good people around the world who can reach out to others. When I was on the road without food or shelter, people who I didn’t know asked me to stay with them and they treated me as a part of their family. I stayed with many different families in each country for over a month and I had dinner with them countless times. In return, I cooked udon for them. In the end, when I was to leave, they said “My door is always open for you.” I learned that there are people in this world who can do such nice things for a random traveler like me, and it made me feel like I wanted to be like them. I thought how wonderful this world would be if everyone was like them.

BOA: Well, the world would be a lot more wonderful if everyone was like you! So, what are you doing now?

Jon: Honestly, I didn’t know what to do after traveling the around the world for a good three years. I had to suddenly stop traveling because of Covid-19. Now that I’ve finished writing my book, I am looking for a job where I can inspire or help other people.